By Parisa Hafezi, Ahmed Tolba and Ahmed Elimam DUBAI/CAIRO, July 29 (Reuters) - The United States launched on Wednesday its first airstrikes in the Middle East since suspending its bombing campaign last week, hitting Iran-backed armed groups in Iraq jointly with Saudi Arabia, while Tehran spurned an Omani plan to manage the Strait of Hormuz. Iran said it had fired on ships in the strait and at U.S. bases in Jordan, and oil prices rose again as renewed combat and diplomatic setbacks signalled no quick end to the war the United States and Israel started in February.