Israel’s latest advance beyond the self-declared “Yellow Line” in southern Lebanon has raised questions about whether the expansion is driven solely by military objectives or also reflects broader political calculations, particularly as it coincides with reports of a US-Iran agreement that would include a comprehensive ceasefire in Lebanon. On Saturday, Israeli forces made fresh gains along both the western and eastern fronts beyond the Yellow Line. Troops advanced toward the outskirts of Majdal Zoun following four days of artillery and air strikes, while forces also pushed into Kfartebnit, reaching the approaches to the strategically important Ali al-Taher Heights, which overlook the city of Nabatieh and much of the surrounding region. The “Yellow Line” is the term adopted by the Israeli military in spring 2026 for a belt of territory inside southern Lebanon that it considers a military buffer zone, similar to the model previously employed in Gaza. The zone extends roughly 4 to 10 kilometers into Lebanese territory and encompasses about 55 border towns and villages. Retired Brig. Gen. Mounir Shehadeh said military operations beyond the Yellow Line are concentrated in Kfartebnit, Zawtar al-Sharqiya, Yahmar al-Shaqif, Arnoun, and the Beaufort Castle area. Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, Shehadeh argued that Israel is “racing against time” because it believes any US-Iran agreement could force an end to hostilities. As a result, he said, Israel is seeking to advance as far as possible before negotiations begin, allowing it to bargain from a position of strength. He noted a distinction between villages entered by Israeli troops and those brought under operational control. Some communities have been incorporated into what Israel describes as a security zone, where residents are barred from returning and where Israeli forces maintain control through surveillance and firepower, even without a permanent troop presence. According to Shehadeh, Israeli-controlled areas now extend between 5 and 10 kilometers inside Lebanese territory and include villages whose residents have been prohibited from returning. Israel’s stated goal, Shehadeh underlined, is to push Hezbollah forces farther from its northern border, prevent future cross-border attacks on Galilee communities, destroy military infrastructure and weapons stockpiles, and establish a buffer zone to protect border settlements. Its unstated objectives, however, may be broader. These include creating a new security belt resembling the zone Israel occupied between 1982 and 2000, turning border villages into sparsely populated areas that would make it difficult for Hezbollah to reestablish itself, and securing strategic high ground and transportation corridors. Such gains could provide Israel with significant leverage in future negotiations involving Lebanon and the postwar regional order. For his part, Dr. Riad Kahwaji, defense and security analyst, said Israel is advancing along three separate axes, primarily to eliminate Hezbollah infrastructure, some of it located beyond the Yellow Line. The eastern axis runs from Beaufort Castle through Kfartebnit and the Ali al-Taher Heights, placing Israeli forces in a position overlooking Nabatieh and potentially opening the way toward the Iqlim al-Tuffah region, where Hezbollah is believed to maintain tunnel networks. The central axis stretches north of Bint Jbeil and Tebnine toward Ghandouriyeh in an effort to encircle Wadi al-Hujayr, long regarded as a key defensive zone and another suspected tunnel hub. The western axis centers on Majdal Zoun and extends toward Qlayleh, potentially bringing Israeli forces closer to the approaches of the coastal city of Tyre.
